[Assam] assam Digest, Vol 44, Issue 17 - About the Name Assam
kamal deka
kjit.deka at gmail.com
Sun Mar 15 12:54:40 PDT 2009
I am wondering what prevents Mr.Saleh from confronting people like
Prof.Priyam Goswami of Gauhati University or Prof.Amalendu Guha with his
newly-found Dutch document to buttress his reasoning which will certainly
make them laughter-evoking buffoons for being so ignorant about Assam's
history?
KJD
On Sun, Mar 15, 2009 at 11:37 AM, Wahid Saleh(GM) <wahid.saleh at gmail.com>wrote:
>
> >>In the same token, why would I accept "Asam" as written by a Dutch in
> 17th
> century as an authentic name? The Dutch, just like the British cannot
> pronounce "Oxom".<<
>
> I assume Mr. Deka has firsthand experience hearing the Dutch pronouncing
> “Oxom”.
>
> >>I will continue to believe that the name Assam was Anglicised until
> proven
> otherwise--- beyond the shadow of a doubt, of course, by real historians,
> who spent decades studying Assam's history and not by neophyte historians.
> <<
>
> I don’t dare to include myself in the group of neophyte historians of Assam
> as I did not even finish my high school in Assam. I also don’t fall into
> the
> group of amateur historians.
>
> All I tried to do was to support and provide information - on the basis of
> historical documents - that the name Assam was not given by the British.
> The
> name Assam was already in use before the English came to India.
>
> It seems Mr. Deka has more faith in - real historians- like Prof. Priyam
> Goswami, head of the Guwahati University’s History department ( I don't
> know
> if Prof. Goswami spent decades studying Assam's history) who argued,
>
> >> "The word Assam was coined during the colonial period. Historically, it
> was Asom, but during British rule Assam Tea became so famous as a brand
> that
> colonial rulers did not attempt to correct the state’s name."
> “Assam to fall off the map, turn Asom”, Times of India 26-02-06. <<
>
> Prof. Goswami did not say on what basis it was argued that historically the
> name was “Asom”. Moreover not a single publication is available to show
> that
> the British invented the name Assam.
>
> >>In the fitness of thing, the entire matter ought to be left for those,
> who
> are in the business of reading, analyzing and interpreting the nitty-gritty
> historical facts and data.
> >>
>
> Problem in Assam is that those "who are in the business of reading,
> analyzing and interpreting the nitty-gritty historical facts and data" that
> they even argue that the name Assam is associated with "Assam Tea". The
> general public has no problem in accepting the arguments.
>
> Mr. Deka has also no problem in quoting Amelndu Guha’s work where the
> author
> mentions about 'Kamarupa' in the Kalika-Purana. Mr. Deka accepts it as a
> historical publication. Whereas Kalika Purana is a religious book of the
> Puranic culture and is composed to popularise the cult of Sakti, especially
> the worship of the Goddess Kamakhy. I understand that it also mentions not
> only about animal sacrifice but also about human sacrifice. It has nothing
> to do with the history of Assam except that it said to be composed in
> Kamrupa.
>
> There is saying in Arabic ‘ten men can take a horse to water. But they
> cannot force him to drink’.
>
> But still I want to present the following pre-British publications where
> the
> name Assam (and also about the Assamese people) are mentioned. As they were
> published in France, Dutch, Persian etc. not many scholars were interested
> in them. Assam at that time was almost terra incognita to the rest of the
> world.
>
> Fathiya-i-Ibriyya also known as Tarikh-i-Assam was written by Ibn Muhammad
> Wali Ahmad (also known as Shihabuddin Talish), responsible for writing the
> history of war operation of Mir Jumla (1660 -1663 AD). He recorded the
> events as he saw them personally. There are two parts of the book, the
> first
> part called Fathiyya. I understand that a copy of this part is preserved in
> the Asiatic Society Library, Calcutta and the second part was preserved in
> the Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library, Bankipur (Patna established in
> 1891), Bihar. This part deals with Mir Jumla's conquest of Assam, and for
> that it was also known as Tarikh-i-Assam. Talish used the name Assam as it
> was known at that time. His account of the naval battles in Assam is
> almost
> similar to the description of the Dutch sailor Franz van de Heiden who
> fought with the army of Mir Jumla.
>
> An account of Assam by Dr. John Peter Wade (1800, London) is generally
> considered to be the first European accounts of Assam. But precious
> accounts
> of other travellers written in languages other than English were not
> available to the readers and historians who knew only English.
>
> For example Jean-Baptiste Chevalier, who becomes Governor of the French
> colony of Candranagar in 1767, visited Assam for about two years in
> 1755-1757, thereafter, he settled at the Goalpara border and stayed there
> for four years. He left two manuscripts: a “Journal of my Travel in Assam”,
> notes taken on the spot, and a “Historical Memory of my Works and Services
> in India”, written afterwards and remained as a family possession and was
> not published. About two decades ago the renowned indologist and historian
> Jean Deloche, re-discovered the work of Chevalier in a Parisian library and
> got them published in 1984 under the title: Les aventures de J.B. Chevalier
> dans I’lnde Orientale. It is now translated into English by Caroline Dutta
> -
> Baruah and Jean Deloche. Chevalier’s account has great value for the
> history
> of Assam as it depicts the way of life at the Ahom court in the 18th
> century.
>
> In her article “The Tai-Ahom connection” by Dr. Yasmin Saikia, she writes
> about the myths of Ahom origin:
>
> Quote
> It appears that the first myths about Ahom were created by the British
> agents. Borrowing from the myths of Ahom origin compiled by J.P. Wade, the
> first British resident in Assam, Walter Hamilton-Buchannan introduced the
> term Ahom in the East India Gazetteer in 1828. He claimed that originally a
> group of Shan warriors led by a mythical godlike figure called Sukapha came
> to Assam in 1228 and established an Ahom kingdom. Buchannan’s story of the
> Ahom which was neatly packaged within a western linear chronology became a
> colonial discourse in the early 19th century.
> Unquote
>
> The Portuguese went to India and also to Assam before the Dutch and
> English.
> It seems there are a still a few villages in Western Assam where decedents
> of Portuguese live. May be some readers can through some light on it. It
> will be interesting to know how the Portuguese called Assam at that time.
> In
> my research on the subject of Indo-Dutch relation I have discovered that
> the
> first Dutchman who went to India sailed not from the Netherlands but from
> Portugal to Goa. In this connection I have also discovered that the
> Portuguese historian João de Barros (1496-1570) has published the “History
> of the Portuguese and their Oversees Territories” in 1552. I am now in
> contact with an Indian expert in Lisbon to find out if there is any
> historical publication from the early visit of the Portuguese to Bengal and
> if anything about Assam is mentioned.
>
> As an interested person I shall follow the trail and see what I can
> discover. It is up to the others what they do with the information.
>
> Wahid Saleh
>
> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> Van: assam-bounces at assamnet.org [mailto:assam-bounces at assamnet.org] Namens
> assam-request at assamnet.org
> Verzonden: zondag 15 maart 2009 7:30
> Aan: assam at assamnet.org
> Onderwerp: assam Digest, Vol 44, Issue 17
>
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>
>
> Today's Topics:
>
> 1. A letter to The Editor (kamal deka)
> 2. Re: About the Name Assam (uttam borthakur)
> 3. Re: About the Name Assam (Chan Mahanta)
>
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Sat, 14 Mar 2009 21:09:40 -0500
> From: kamal deka <kjit.deka at gmail.com>
> Subject: [Assam] A letter to The Editor
> To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around the
> world <assam at assamnet.org>
> Message-ID:
> <7b43066c0903141909l2b3ce56ey4149de3c41a9901f at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252
>
> The following letter,appeared in The Sentinel,is quite interesting.
> KJD
> Letters to the Editor * *
>
> : *Do we Respect our Own Language?*
>
> Through The Sentinel I would like to draw the attention of the Chief
> Minister of Assam, Tarun Gogoi, that in its Eighth Schedule, the
> Constitution of India recognizes 22 major Indian languages including
> Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Hindi, Nepali, Urdu etc.
> Long ago in 1960, the Assam Government proclaimed Assamese as the State?s
> official language, just as Bengali is the State?s official language in
> neighbouring West Bengal. As we all know, the State Civil Service
> Examination conducted by the WPSC (West Bengal Public Service Commission)
> consists of one compulsory paper in Bengali/Hindi/Nepali/Urdu with
> compulsory papers in English and General Studies and other optional
> subjects.
> Likewise, a candidate who takes the Civil Service Examination conducted by
> the UPSC must select one language paper from among the 22 language papers
> and he/she must secure pass marks in that paper. In our State too, the APSC
> (Assam Public Service Commission) conducts the State Civil Service
> Examination, but there is no provision for a compulsory language paper.
> The 70th session of the Asom Sahitya Sabha was recently held in Dhemaji. In
> the session, the newly elected president of the Sabha, Rong Bong Terang,
> said that ??language is the soul of a nation?? and ??without it a nation
> cannot at all prosper??. Again, in the international arena, Assamese is
> among the 21 Indian languages that finds a place in the application forms
> brought out by the present US Government, which has a total of 101
> languages
> from across the world listed in the form?s ?international experience?
> section. No doubt, this is good news for Assam and the entire Northeast.
> Again, in terms of the number of speakers, Assamese is ranked 46th among
> all
> the languages of the world. But the fact remains that even after 61 years
> of
> independence, the status of Assamese language in its own land has barely
> improved.
> In my view, the time has come when we ought to question ourselves: Is
> Assamese language getting its due respect?
> Amit Chakraborty,
> Udyapur, Birubari,
> Guwahati-16.
> JD
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2009 07:46:51 +0530 (IST)
> From: uttam borthakur <uttamborthakur at yahoo.co.in>
> Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around the
> world <assam at assamnet.org>
> Message-ID: <790730.82281.qm at web8705.mail.in.yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
>
> I think a 'real historian' Dr. Jogen Phukan almost led an mass action
> against the change of name to Asom for same or similar reasons.
> ?
> Uttam Kumar Borthakur
>
>
>
>
> ________________________________
> From: Rajen & Ajanta Barua <barua25 at hotmail.com>
> To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around the world
> <assam at assamnet.org>
> Sent: Saturday, 14 March, 2009 7:45:49 PM
> Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
>
>
>
> I will continue to believe that the name Assam was Anglicised until proven
> otherwise--- beyond the shadow of a doubt,of course, by real historians,who
> spent decades studying Assam's history and not by neophyte historians
>
> Dear Kamal Bhaity:
> Thanks for your opinion on my article and stating your 'belief'.
> My article was written not to change yours or anybody's 'belief', but to
> let
> people see the facts and to think rationally analysing the available facts
> of history. If one does that, one will normally come to the obvious
> conclusion that Assam is not a anglicized word. In your writing also you
> have indicated that. However your problem in still sticking to your old
> belief that Assam is an anglicized word seems to be two:
> 1) You are convinced about the rational argument that Assam, Asam (phonetic
> pronunciation only) is a local word but that you are not yet 100% convinced
> and that you still have some shadow of doubt.
> 2) Your other problem is that you want to see some writing by some "real"
> historians and not to be convinced by writing of of some 'neophyte
> historians" like us.? Here what you are saying is that you would have been
> convinced of our arguments had we been "real" historians. I cannot help you
> there. But I take it as a compliment. Because what you are saying is that
> if
> I would have a PhD degree in history you would have been convinced beyond a
> shadow of doubt that my arguments are correct and the name Assam or Asam is
> not an anglicized word. ( I think I qualify for your other requirement. I
> have spent decades now studying the history of Assam albeit not for any
> degree.)
>
> I can however help you to some extent by submitting the following.
>
> Hope you remember that in 2006, we (some neophyte historians) wrote a
> Petition to the Chief Minister of Assam not to change the name of Assam to
> Asom. The main arguments of the Petition was that 'Assam' is not an
> anglicized word but a word which was rooted in local culture. We sent the
> Petition to many historians, intellectuals and men of letters of Assam for
> their support and signatures. To convince them of our argument, I
> personally
> took the pain to discuss with many of them and sent them the? earlier
> version of my article. You will be happy to know all of them that we have
> approcahed supported our arguments and signed the Petition. These include
> several Ex President of Axam Xahutya Xobha and many notable historians
> including Dr Jogendra Nath Phukan and Dr Sayeeda Yasmin Saikia. It was also
> supported by Dr Bhupen Hazarika, Dr Hiren Gohain and whose signature did
> not
> appear in the Petition. I present this as their stamp of approval of my
> arguments for
> your information since you are looking for support from "real" historians.
>
> Besides these, there are many "real" historians who have shown that 'Assam'
> or 'Asam" is not a anglicised name. I have cited some in my article. You
> will have read for yourself to see their writing.
>
> I post below the first fefteen signatories to the Petion (the fist three
> being the 'neophyte historians, in your words)
>
> Again, I am not trying to change your belief, but laying the facts for
> rational thinking.
>
> The fist fifteen signatories of the Petition:
>
>
> 1)Rajen & Ajanta Barua, Katy, Texas, USA (Engineer, Writer & Manager)
> 2)Chandan & Dr. Bonti Mahanta, St Louis, MO, USA (Architect & Radiologist)
> 3)Wahid Saleh, Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands. (Retired IT Manager,
> Community service)
>
> 4)Homen Borgohain, Guwahati, Assam, ((Ex President Axam Xahitya Xabha)
> 5)Dr. Nagen Saikia , Guwahati, Assam (Ex President, Axam Xahitya Xabha)
> 6)Dr.Biren Dutta, Guwahati, Assam, (Ex President Axam Xahitya Xabha)
> 7)Dr. Lakhinandan Bora, Guwahati, Assam , (Ex President Axam Xahitya Xabha)
> 8)Dr. Mamoni Raisom Goswami, Guwahati/Delhi, (Gyanpith Award Winner,
> Novelist, Professor)
> 9)Nagen Baruah, Dibrugarh, Assam (President Ahom Xahitya Xabha)
> 10)Dr. Jogendra Nath Phukan, Guwahati, Assam (Professor of History)
> 11)Sanjoy Hazarika, Guwahati/Delhi, India (Journalist, Author, Social
> Worker)
> 12)Shantikam & Sangita Hazarika, Guwahati, (Founder Director of AIM & Dance
> Teacher)
> 13)Sumanta Chaliha, Guwahati, Assam, (Lexicographer, Author of Assamese
> Dictionaries)
> 14)Dr. Amrit Kr. Baruah, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (Writer, Author,
> Management Consultant)
> 15)Dr. Sayeeda Yasmin Saikia, Chapel Hill, NC, USA (Professor of History,
> Author on Ahom Buronjis)
>
> Rajen & Ajanta Barua
>
>
> From: kamal deka
> Sent: Thursday, March 12, 2009 10:47 PM
> To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around the world
> Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
>
>
> I will continue to believe that the name Assam was Anglicised until proven
> otherwise--- beyond the shadow of a doubt,of course, by real historians,who
> spent decades studying Assam's history and not by neophyte historians
>
> In various documents of British East India Company, in their relationships
> with the last few Ahom kings, the name of country was mentioned as Assam.
> After the fall of the Ahom kingdom and the conquest by the British in 1826,
> in the Treaty of Yandabo, "Assam" was used to denote the area under the
> erstwhile Ahoms, and its protectorates .
>
> *Theories on etymology*
>
> Though there exists a consensus on the fact that the name Assam is
> associated with the Ahom kingdom, and the exact etymology of Assam is not
> clear.The ere are a number of theories that address this issue.
>
> *Ha-sam*
>
> According to Amalendu Guha "The Ahom domain of Upper Assam came to be known
> to the Dimasa and other Bodo people as "Ha-Sam" (the land of the Shams or
> Shans) in etheir language. From this the terms 'Asam' and 'Ahom' were
> derived in due course, and the first term came to stand for the expanded
> Ahom klngdom. Under the impact of the Indo-Aryan heritage of the region,
> the
> concept of 'Asam' was further extended to cover the entire area defined as
> 'Kamarupa' in the Kalika-Purana (c 9th-10th centuries). The Ahom statesmen
> and chroniclers wishfully looked forward to the Karatoya as their natural
> western frontier. They also looked upon themselves as the heirs of that
> glory that was ancient Kamarupa by right of conquest, and they long
> cherished infructuously their unfulfilled hopes of expanding up to that
> frontier." [*The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation
> Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714), Amalendu Guha, Social Scientist,
> Vol.
> 11, No. 12. (Dec., 1983), pp. 3-34.*]
>
>
>
>
> Mahanta <cmahanta at charter.net> wrote:
>
> > Forwarded from:? Fwd: [Assam Society] Re: [FriendsofAssamNE]
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
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> >> To: FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com
> >> Cc: ASA ASA <AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com>,
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> >> Date: Thu, 12 Mar 2009 07:50:23 -0500
> >> Subject: [Assam Society] Re: [FriendsofAssamNE] RE: [Assam] About the
> Name
> >> Assam
> >> X-Yahoo-Newman-Property: groups-email-ff-m
> >> Reply-To: AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com
> >>
> >> Wahid:
> >> Thanks. As I have shown in my article, the name 'Asam' or 'Asham' (for
> the
> >> name of the land) was much older than? whcih came to be used for the
> name
> of
> >> the land only in the 17th century. Originally, the word? was used in the
> >> Kirton by Sri Xongkordeu for the Ti Ahom people in the 15th century.
> >> According to me, this word? (for the people) as used by Xongkordeu, was
> >> originally derived from the word Asahm (for the people written in
> Devanagari
> >> and Urdu skript) by the Moghols. This word? later was used for the land
> >> (instead of the people), and a new word Ahom was used for the people.
> Thus
> >> Ahom is also a new word, which is not to found in Ti Ahom Buronjis.
> Please
> >> note that the word Asham was originally used for the people and was
> later
> >> changed to mean the land instead of the people when the Moghols used the
> >> name in correspondence.
> >> Thanks
> >> Rajen
> >>
> >> On Thu, Mar 12, 2009 at 5:13 AM, Wahid Saleh(GM) <<mailto:
> >> wahid.saleh at gmail.com>wahid.saleh at gmail.com> wrote:
> >>
> >> Rajen,
> >>
> >> Thanks for sharing your article " "In your article you mentioned about
> >> Glanius.
> >>
> >>
> >> Till now almost all the historians thought that Glanius went to Assam.
> But
> >> it was not Glanius who went to Assam. It was a Dutch sailor named Frans
> van
> >> der Heiden who had to fight with the army of Mirju Mala. He kept a diary
> >> which was first published in 1675. It is very difficult to find out who
> >> Glanius was. He translated three books from Dutch including the diary of
> >> Frans van der Heiden. The English translation was published in 1682
> (from
> >> UK). In his translation he used first person and nowhere mentioned or
> >> referred to the name of the original author Frans van de Heiden. As most
> of
> >> the historians had access to the English translation only, they took it
> for
> >> granted that Glanius went to Assam. I tried to find out about Glanius
> and
> >> published an article. Here you will get some back ground information. A
> >> mistake did slip in to this version of the article. I misspelt the name
> of
> >> Dr. Surya Kumar Bhuyan as Dr. Surya Kanta Bhuyan.
> >>
> >> It is certain that the name Assam existed before Mirju Mala invaded
> Assam
> >> and before the English came to Assam. Otherwise Frans van der Heiden
> would
> >> not be in a position to write about Assam and Assmers. Different Mughal
> >> historians used the names Assam, Asham, Ascham, Acham and ?s?m in their
> >> writings." Asom" with an "o" in between was unknown to them. In
> particular,
> >> the word Assam (Asham) is mentioned in the following publications: Abul
> >> Fazal All?mi in his compilation of Akbarnama, a biographical account of
> >> Akbar (1542 -1605) mentioned "Rajah of Asham".
> >>
> >> The name Assam existed when Frans van der Heiden wrote his diary in
> 1662.
> >> To write about the place and its inhabitants he used the name of the
> State
> >> as it was known at that time to the local people. Otherwise he would not
> >> have used the name.
> >>
> >> So we should start asking the question when was the name of Assam
> changed
> >> to ? In any case it is after 1662.
> >>
> >> Wahid
> >>
> >>
> >> Van: <mailto:FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com>
> >> FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com [mailto:<mailto:
> >> FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com>FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com]
> Namens
> >> Rajen Barua
> >> Verzonden: maandag 9 maart 2009 13:40
> >> Aan: assamnet
> >> CC: <mailto:FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com>
> >> FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com
> >> Onderwerp: [FriendsofAssamNE] RE: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>
> >> Friends
> >> Looks like many people still think that Assam is an englished word of
> the
> >> word Oxom. In fact pronounciation Asam (now a days written as Assam) is
> much
> >> older than the Assamese word Oxom which is of later origin. One may read
> my
> >> article attached.
> >> Rajen Barua
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>? Date: Sun, 8 Mar 2009 21:10:59 -0600
> >>>? To: <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? From: <mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>cmahanta at charter.net
> >>>? Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>
> >>>? > whereas we know for sure the local people at that time as now
> >>>? >called the land "Oxom",
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>? *** You do?
> >>>
> >>>? So much for the certitude of the omniscient!!
> >>>
> >>>? Did you know that the Ahom people, by and large, cannot pronounce the
> >>>? 'xo' sound and pronounce it as 'ho' or 'kho'?
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
>
> ****************************************************************************
> ***********************************
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>? At 2:02 PM -0700 3/8/09, Dilip and Dil Deka wrote:
> >>>? >".......an invention of an European, and thus not credible?" - I am
> >>>? >not suggesting that at all. I am not Europhobic. :-)
> >>>? >
> >>>? >Let's take the British days - the maps and the official records
> >>>? >meticulously prepared during that time called "Oxom" as "Assam"
> >>>? >whereas we know for sure the local people at that time as now called
> >>>? >the land "Oxom", the big difference being the sound of "x" versus
> >>>? >"s". What credibility would you give to the authenticity of the name
> >>>? >"Assam" used by the British?
> >>>? >In the same token, why would I accept "Asam" as written by a Dutch
> >>>? >in 17th century as an authentic name? The Dutch, just like the
> >>>? >British cannot pronounce "Oxom".
> >>>? >If you accept "Asam" as in Dutch map as the original name, when did
> >>>? >it change to today's "Oxom" and who changed it?
> >>>? >
> >>>? >I still say "Assam" is anglicized and "Asam" is Hollandized. Boy!
> >>>? >that sounds too much like Hollandaise sauce.
> >>>? >I am surprised there was no comment on the rest of my email.
> >>>? >Dilip
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >________________________________
> >>>? >From: Chan Mahanta <<mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>
> cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>? >To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around the
> >>>? >world <<mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org>; <mailto:
> >>> adhazarika at yahoo.com>adhazarika at yahoo.com
> >>>? >Sent: Sunday, March 8, 2009 4:25:08 PM
> >>>? >Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >> But I wouldn't use these books nor a book written in another
> >>>? >>European language (Dutch) to prove that >Assam is an indigenous
> word.
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >*** Why? Are you suggested the Dutch traveller who prepared the map
> >>> where
> >>>? >Assam is recorded as "Asam" was likely an invention of an European,
> >>>? >and thus not credible?
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >At 12:50 PM -0700 3/8/09, Dilip and Dil Deka wrote:
> >>>? >>Kamal,
> >>>? >>In today's parlance, you are absolutely correct. The local people
> >>>
> >>? > >>call the land "Oxom" and, themselves "Oxomiya". When those words
> >>
> >>>? >>are written as "Assam" and "Assamese", it is an attempt to anglicize
> >>>? >>the locally used words.
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>Now whether Oxom was derived from another word that was local to the
> >>>? >>area and non-Sanskrit in its origin is another issue.
> >>>? >>As we all know the region (at least the western part) was called
> >>>? >>Kamrupa in ancient literature. For the name Kamrupa to change to
> >>>? >>Oxom, it is almost impossible. There is no resemblance between the
> >>>? >>two words. So the natural assumption would be that the
> >>>? >>transformation to Oxom did not happen with the so called Hindu
> >>>? >>settlers of Assam from the west. It is more likely it happened with
> >>>? > >the domination of Assam by the Ahoms, who for the first time in a
> >>>? >>long time brought the people of the region under one rule through
> >>>? >>political acumen.
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>I have in my possession books written/compiled by British officers
> >>>? >>where the word Assam is used. But I wouldn't use these books nor a
> >>>? >>book written in another European language (Dutch) to prove that
> >>>? >>Assam is an indigenous word. There needs to be more research done by
> >>>? >>Xahitya Xobha, digging into the Buranjis of the Ahoms and whatever
> >>>? >>remains of the Ahom language.
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>I am told by my Ahom friends that many Buranjis were burnt during
> >>>? >>the waning years of Ahom rule. I am also told many Buranjis are
> >>>? >>still available in the Ahom villages kept as family heirloom. Does
> >>>? >>anyone know how to read and decipher these tomes?
> >>>? >>Isn't there a scholar in all of Assam who could trace through the
> >>>? >>transformation of Ahom language from 1228 to the British days
> >>>? >>to see if the name Oxom was coined by the Ahoms to describe their
> >>> kingdom?
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>When I am on a roll, let me also ask how the Shans from Burma
> >>>? >>renamed themselves as Ahoms and when it happened.
> >>>? >>If all of this is known to some netter, please publish it, so that
> >>>? > >some of us not exposed to recent findings in Assam can learn and
> >>>? >>stop arguing over a name.
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>Dilip Deka
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>________________________________
> >>>? >>From: kamal deka <<mailto:kjit.deka at gmail.com>kjit.deka at gmail.com>
> >>>? >>To: <mailto:adhazarika at yahoo.com>adhazarika at yahoo.com; A Mailing
> list
> >>> for people interested in
> >>>? >>Assam from around the world <<mailto:assam at assamnet.org>
> >>> assam at assamnet.org>
> >>>? >>Sent: Sunday, March 8, 2009 10:23:39 AM
> >>>? >>Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>In my humble view,the very word " Assam" is an Anglicised one.As an
> >>>? >>adjective," Assamese " pertains to the characteristic of the people
> of
> >>>? >>Assam and their culture..As a noun,it means the native of Assam or
> the
> >>>? >>language of Assam.
> >>>? >>In view of the above fact.Assam Sahitya Sabha may not be in error.
> >>>? >>Kamal
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>On Thu, Mar 5, 2009 at 9:47 PM, Ajoy Hazarika <<mailto:
> >>> adhazarika at yahoo.com>adhazarika at yahoo.com> wrote:
> >>>? >>
> >>>? >>> Dear Oxom Xahityo Xobha:
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> I agree with Chandan Mahanta. If you do not know anything about
> it,
> >>>? >>> an article written by H. Borgohain. I could not find the article,
> >>>? >>> otherwise I could have forwarded to you.
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> Hi Chandan, Rajen, if you have that article please forward that to
> .
> >>> Oxom
> >>>? >>> Xahityo Xobha
> >>>? >>> Oxom Xahityo Xobha. It will also help if Oxom Xahityo Xobha study
> >>>? >>> the Bodo language. There are other historical facts. Chandan and
> >>> Rajen
> >>>? >>> can help.
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> A. D. Hazarika
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> --- On Mon, 3/2/09, Chan Mahanta <<mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>> cmahanta at charter.net> wrote:
> >>>? >>> From: Chan Mahanta <<mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>> cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>? >>> Subject: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>? >>> To: <mailto:info at axomxahityaxobha.org>info at axomxahityaxobha.org
> >>>? >>> Cc: <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? >>> Date: Monday, March 2, 2009, 9:05 PM
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> Dear Oxom Xahityo Xobha:
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> >In 1917 the Asom Sahitya Sabha was formed as a
> >>>? >>> >guardian of the Assamese society and the forum for the
> >>>? >> > >development of Assamese language and literature.
> >>>? >>> >The word Assamese is an English one, built on the same
> >>>
> >>? > >>> >principle as Cingalese, Canarese, etc. It is based on the
> >>
> >>>? >>> >English word Assam by which the tract consisting of the
> >>>? >>> >Brahmaputra valley is known.
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> *** It is pretty sad that you don't know the origins of the name
> >>>? >>> Assam, that you claim is an English name.
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> It is such display of ignorance of our history and an absence of
> >>>? >>> intellectual curiosity to know what it truly is, that makes the
> >>> likes
> >>>? >>> of Oxom Xahityo Xobha irrelevant to our cultural heritage
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> Sondon Mohonto
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> USA
> >>>? >>> _______________________________________________
> >>>? >>> assam mailing list
> >>>? >>> <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? >>> <http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>> _______________________________________________
> >>>? >>> assam mailing list
> >>>? >>> <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? >>> <http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>? >>>
> >>>? >>_______________________________________________
> >>>? >>assam mailing list
> >>>? >><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? >><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet..org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet..org
> >>>? >>_______________________________________________
> >>>? >>assam mailing list
> >>>? >><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? >><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>? >
> >>>? >
> >>>? >_______________________________________________
> >>>? >assam mailing list
> >>>? ><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? ><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>? >_______________________________________________
> >>>? >assam mailing list
> >>>? ><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>? ><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>? _______________________________________________
> >>>? assam mailing list
> >>>? <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>
> >>> <http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> --
> >> Rajen Barua, Houston
> >>
> >> __._,_.___
> >> <
> >>
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> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 3
> Date: Sat, 14 Mar 2009 22:05:18 -0500
> From: Chan Mahanta <cmahanta at charter.net>
> Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around the
> world <assam at assamnet.org>
> Message-ID: <a06240804c5e21e2698e5@[192.168.0.197]>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" ; format="flowed"
>
> >I HOPE,I AM NOT ASKING FOR THE MOON.
>
>
> *** Nothing wring in asking for the moon if to
> hold and have the moon is something that turns
> one on :-).
>
> But we are talking of different animals here.
> One being able to see and read a historical
> document that shows the land we know as Oxom or
> Assam, was called Asam/Asham/Assamer , way back
> in the late seventeenth century; while the other
> being something of an 'alaaxot saang pota kotha',
> like asking for the moon. The two are very
> different issues.
>
> Haalodhi's efficacy as an anti-carcinogenic
> agent may require a lot of research into the
> chemistry of the material and actual human
> testing. But no such testing is either required
> or called for, to, say, determine that the Taj
> Mahal was built on the order of Shah Jehan, or
> that the land we come from and call Oxom used to
> be called Asam/Asham/or Assam way back in the
> late seventeenth century, even before the British
> went there.
>
> So the analogies presented were inapplicable.
>
>
>
>
>
>
> At 8:18 PM -0500 3/14/09, kamal deka wrote:
> >There is no dearth of historiographer in Assam or India ( I hope,I haven't
> >erred.This is my presumption).By historiography,I mean to indicate the
> >history of historical writing which involves the history and biography of
> >historians,the context in which they lived and wrote and not least,the
> >assumptions,theories and methods they used.
> >I HOPE,I AM NOT ASKING FOR THE MOON.
> >It reminds me of turmeric ( halodhi) a spice, we all are familiar with.It
> is
> >said that the turmeric prevents certain cancer.A tremendous amount of
> >research has been going on here in America to find out the authenticity of
> >its anti-tumour property before the final product is out in the open.Just
> an
> >example.
> >
> >On Sat, Mar 14, 2009 at 7:24 PM, Chan Mahanta <cmahanta at charter.net>
> wrote:
> >
> >> IN WHAT WAY AM I WRONG IN SAYING THAT THOSE " DISCOVERIES"ARE
> SUBJECTED
> >>> TO >SCRUTINY BEFORE IT CAN BE ACCEPTED AS AN ESTABLISHED FACT?
> >>>
> >>
> >>
> >> *** Personally, I like to think I can look at a document and decide
> whether
> >> it is real or fake or exaggerated or doctored.
> >>
> >> The document produced by Wahid Saleh from the Dutch museum looks quite
> >> authentic. If authenticity of that document is what bothers me, I
> would
> say
> >> so. I might say that pending verification of authenticity of the
> document,
> >> I will hold my acceptance . But I won't say I won't accept it, because
> an
> >> amateur has found the document. That is the difference.
> >>
> >> *** That would lead us to the qualifications of the verifier/s. Who
> would
> >> qualify as someone whose certification we might accept? A president of
> the
> >> OXX? A GU professor? A Dutch scientist? Who?
> >> If we say that, surely that would be NOT nearly as unreasonable as
> >> proclaiming non-acceptance because of lack of professional credentials
> of
> >> those who found the historical document.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> At 2:08 PM -0500 3/14/09, kamal deka wrote:
> >>
> >>> Any run-of-the-mill citizen can assemble a few books and write an
> >>> article
> >>> but that cannot be taken as an infallible one.THIS IS THE REASON AS TO
> WHY
> >>> I
> >>> REFUSE TO ACCEPT THEIR INTERPRETATION AS A
> >>>GOSPEL TRUTH.IN <http://truth.in/><http://truth.in/>WHAT WAY AM I
> >>> WRONG IN SAYING THAT THOSE " DISCOVERIES"ARE SUBJECTED TO SCRUTINY
> BEFORE
> >>> IT
> >>> CAN BE ACCEPTED AS AN ESTABLISHED FACT?
> >>>
> >>> On Sat, Mar 14, 2009 at 8:16 AM, Chan Mahanta <cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>> wrote:
> >>>
> >>> *** One is at liberty to accept or deny anything under the sun. It
> is
> a
> >>>> free-country as they say.
> >>>>
> >>>> But in a forum like ours, we expect some explanation as to WHY one
> would
> >>>> refuse to accept a documented proof like the name of
> >>>> Assam/Asam/Asham/Assamer etc. It should be quite immaterial who
> produces
> >>>> the
> >>>> proof, unless the persona of the messenger is the problem. The
> argument
> > >>> that those who produce the proof are amateurs is about the weakest
> of
> >>>> alibis
> >>>> one can imagine.
> >>>>
> > >>> To refuse to put forth a reason therefore could be interpreted as
> an
> >>>> absence of one.
> >>>>
> >>>> Makind's most enlightening discoveries were made not by recognized
> >>>> professionals. They were made by amateurs with a passion for
> knowledge
> >>>> and
> >>>> discovery.
> >>>>
> >>>> cm
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> At 9:58 PM -0500 3/13/09, kamal deka wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>> I remain unconvinced.
> >>>>> In the fitness of thing,the entire matter ought to be left for
> >>>>> those,who
> >>>>> are
> >>>>> in the business of reading,analyzing and interpreting the
> nitty-gritty
> >>>>> historical facts and data.
> >>>>> I refuse to accept the interpretation put forward by Saleh/Barua as
> an
> >>>>> unshakable truth.
> >>>>> As far as I am concerned,their explanation is of no
> consequence,pending
> >>>>> full
> >>>>> verification by the competent ones.
> >>>>> Meanwhile,those self-proclaimed neo-historians should stop the
> tamasha
> >>>>> of
> >>>>> re-writing and re-interpreting facts in regard to Assam's
> >>>>> history,who,perhaps,haven't studied the subject seriously save
> >>>>> high-school
> >>>>> history :-)
> >>>>> No further response will be undertaken on this topic from this end.
> >>>>> Thank you all.
> >>>>> Kamal
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> On Fri, Mar 13, 2009 at 8:53 AM, Chan Mahanta <
> cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>>> wrote:
> >>>>>
> >>>>> > From this the terms 'Asam' and 'Ahom' were
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> derived in due course, and the first term came to stand for the
> >>>>>>> expanded
> >>>>>>> Ahom klngdom.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>> *** That is a believable conjecture. What is missing here is WHEN
> did
> >>>>>> that
> >>>>>> DUE COURSE happen?
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Was it after the British came? If it did it will be reasonable to
> >>>>>> suspect
> >>>>>> and hold on to the notion that Assam or Asam were anglicized
> forms.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> But we know from written accounts , like the Dutch chronicler's
> >>>>>> accounts
> >>>>>> and pre-British Mughal history
> >>>>>> that Assam/Asam/Asham etc. were there long before the British
> arrived.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> I don't know how much more conclusive proof one needs therefore
> for
> us
> >>>>>>
> >>>>> >>> to
> >>>
> >>>> accept the fact that the Assam was there before the British came ?
> But
> >>>>>>
> >>>>> >>> then
> >>>
> >>>> again one is at liberty to suspect the Theory of Evolution too!
> There
> >>>>>> will
> >>>>>> be plenty of company, even good ones :-).
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> At 10:47 PM -0500 3/12/09, kamal deka wrote:
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> I will continue to believe that the name Assam was Anglicised
> until
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> proven
> >>>>>>> otherwise--- beyond the shadow of a doubt,of course, by real
> >>>>>>> historians,who
> >>>>>>> spent decades studying Assam's history and not by neophyte
> historians
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> In various documents of British East India Company, in their
> >>>>>>> relationships
> >>>>>>> with the last few Ahom kings, the name of country was mentioned
> as
> >>>>>>> Assam.
> >>>>>>> After the fall of the Ahom kingdom and the conquest by the
> British
> in
> >>>>>>> 1826,
> >>>>>>> in the Treaty of Yandabo, "Assam" was used to denote the area
> under
> >>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>> erstwhile Ahoms, and its protectorates .
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> *Theories on etymology*
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Though there exists a consensus on the fact that the name Assam
> is
> >>>>>>> associated with the Ahom kingdom, and the exact etymology of
> Assam
> is
> >>>>>>> not
> >>>>>>> clear.The ere are a number of theories that address this issue.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> *Ha-sam*
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> According to Amalendu Guha "The Ahom domain of Upper Assam came
> to
> be
> >>>>>>> known
> >>>>>>> to the Dimasa and other Bodo people as "Ha-Sam" (the land of the
> >>>>>>> Shams
> >>>>>>> or
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> >> Shans) in etheir language. From this the terms 'Asam' and
> 'Ahom'
> >>>>>> were
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> derived in due course, and the first term came to stand for the
> >>>>>> expanded
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Ahom klngdom. Under the impact of the Indo-Aryan heritage of the
> >>>>>>> region,
> >>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>> concept of 'Asam' was further extended to cover the entire area
> > >>>>>> defined
> >>>>>>> as
> >>>>>>> 'Kamarupa' in the Kalika-Purana (c 9th-10th centuries). The Ahom
> > >>>>>> statesmen
> >>>>>>> and chroniclers wishfully looked forward to the Karatoya as their
> >>>>>>> natural
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> >> western frontier. They also looked upon themselves as the
> heirs
> of
> >>>>>>
> >>>>> that
> >>>>>
> >>>>> glory that was ancient Kamarupa by right of conquest, and they long
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> cherished infructuously their unfulfilled hopes of expanding up
> to
> >>>>>>> that
> >>>>>>> frontier." [*The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State
> >>>>>>> Formation
> >>>>>>> Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714), Amalendu Guha, Social
> >>>>>>> Scientist,
> >>>>>>> Vol.
> >>>>>>> 11, No. 12. (Dec., 1983), pp. 3-34.*]
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Mahanta <cmahanta at charter.net> wrote:
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Forwarded from: Fwd: [Assam Society] Re: [FriendsofAssamNE]
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> X-Chzlrs: 0
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> yahoogroups.com;
> >>>>>>>>> s=lima; t=1236862244;
> >>>>>>>>> bh=EpKjee/FIGHrK2a2YAS64Uh3Ph2fqAztNVbMddyuMyE=;
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
>
> >>>>>>>>>h=Received:Received:Received:X-Yahoo-Newman-Id:X-Sender:X-Apparentl
>
> y-To:X-Received:X-Received:X-Received:X-Received:X-Received:In-Reply-To:Refe
>
> rences:Message-ID:To:Cc:X-Originating-IP:X-eGroups-Msg-Info:From:X-Yahoo-Pro
>
> file:Sender:MIME-Version:Mailing-List:Delivered-To:List-Id:Precedence:List-U
> nsubscribe:Date:Subject:X-Yahoo-Newman-Property:Reply-To:Content-Type;
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
>
> >>>>>>>>>b=Kk1fv3QY5VjrcxQhgt4mArclyJOVzjMhj2SkmV18KE9ufu6ulQ6f92pIANM1bSpy4
> OYVqScDAy0QF7PzcGZQvKXPF0q3HJssXVb10vEF4HEQk0Nt8HuTZNwqeI4yJg61
> >>>>>>>>> X-Yahoo-Newman-Id: 12609498-m1940
> >>>>>>>>> X-Apparently-To: AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>> X-Received: (qmail 50227 invoked from network); 12 Mar 2009
> >>>>>>>>> 12:50:25
> >>>>>>>>> -0000
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >> X-Received: from unknown (69.147.108.201)
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> by 98.137.34.37 with QMQP; 12 Mar 2009 12:50:25 -0000
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> X-Received: from unknown (HELO rv-out-0506.google.com)
> >>>>>>>>> (209.85.198.238)
> >>>>>>>>> by mta2.grp.re1.yahoo.com with SMTP; 12 Mar 2009 12:50:24
> -0000
> >>>>>>>>> X-Received: by rv-out-0506.google.com with SMTP id
> >>>>>>>>> g9so3674380rvb.5
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >> for <multiple recipients>; Thu, 12 Mar 2009 05:50:24
> >>>>>>>>> -0700
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> (PDT)
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> X-Received: by 10.142.79.17 with SMTP id
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> c17mr4284499wfb.171.1236862224028; Thu,
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>>>>> 12 Mar 2009 05:50:24 -0700 (PDT)
> >>>
> >>>> To: FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>>>>> Cc: ASA ASA <AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com>,
> >>>
> >>>> Assam in Bangalore <assam_in_bangalore at yahoogroups.com>
> >>>>>>>>> X-Originating-IP: 209.85.198.238
> >>>>>>>>> X-eGroups-Msg-Info: 1:12:0:0:0
> >>>>>>>>> From: Rajen Barua <rajen.barua at gmail.com>
> >>>>>>>>> X-Yahoo-Profile: baruarajen
> >>>>>>>>> Sender: AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>> Mailing-List: list AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com; contact
> >>>>>>>>> AssamSociety-owner at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>> Delivered-To: mailing list AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>> List-Id:
> >>>>>>>>><AssamSociety.yahoogroups.com<http://assamsociety.yahoogroups.com/>
> <http://assamsociety.yahoogroups.com/>
> >>>>>>>>> <http://assamsociety.yahoogroups.com/>
> >>>>>>>>> <http://assamsociety.yahoogroups.com/>
> >>>>>>>>> <http://assamsociety.yahoogroups.com/>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>> List-Unsubscribe:
> <mailto:AssamSociety-unsubscribe at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>> Date: Thu, 12 Mar 2009 07:50:23 -0500
> >>>>>>>>> Subject: [Assam Society] Re: [FriendsofAssamNE] RE: [Assam]
> About
> >>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>> Name
> >>>>>>>>> Assam
> >>>>>>>>> X-Yahoo-Newman-Property: groups-email-ff-m
> >>>>>>>>> Reply-To: AssamSociety at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Wahid:
> >>>>>>>>> Thanks. As I have shown in my article, the name 'Asam' or
> 'Asham'
> >>>>>>>>> (for
> >>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>> name of the land) was much older than whcih came to be used
> for
> > >>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>> name of
> >>>>>>>>> the land only in the 17th century. Originally, the word was
> used
> > >>>>>>>> in
> >>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>> Kirton by Sri Xongkordeu for the Ti Ahom people in the 15th
> >>>>>>>>> century.
> >>>>>>>>> According to me, this word (for the people) as used by
> Xongkordeu,
> >>>>>>>>> was
> >>>>>>>>> originally derived from the word Asahm (for the people written
> in
> >>>>>>>>> Devanagari
> >>>>>>>>> and Urdu skript) by the Moghols. This word later was used for
> the
> >>>>>>>>> land
> >>>>>>>>> (instead of the people), and a new word Ahom was used for the
> >>>>>>>>> people.
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>> Thus
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>> Ahom is also a new word, which is not to found in Ti Ahom
> Buronjis.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Please
> >>>>>>>>> note that the word Asham was originally used for the people and
> was
> >>>>>>>>> later
> >>>>>>>>> changed to mean the land instead of the people when the Moghols
> >>>>>>>>> used
> >>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>> name in correspondence.
> >>>>>>>>> Thanks
> >>>>>>>>> Rajen
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> On Thu, Mar 12, 2009 at 5:13 AM, Wahid Saleh(GM) <<mailto:
> >>>>>>>>> wahid.saleh at gmail.com>wahid.saleh at gmail.com> wrote:
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>> Rajen,
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Thanks for sharing your article " "In your article you
> mentioned
> >>>>>>>>> about
> >>>>>>>>> Glanius.
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Till now almost all the historians thought that Glanius went to
> >>>>>>>>> Assam.
> >>>>>>>>> But
> >>>>>>>>> it was not Glanius who went to Assam. It was a Dutch sailor
> named
> >>>>>>>>> Frans
> >>>>>>>>> van
> >>>>>>>>> der Heiden who had to fight with the army of Mirju Mala. He
> kept
> a
> >>>>>>>>> diary
> >>>>>>>>> which was first published in 1675. It is very difficult to find
> out
> >>>>>>>>> who
> >>>>>>>>> Glanius was. He translated three books from Dutch including the
> >>>>>>>>> diary
> >>>>>>>>> of
> >>>>>>>>> Frans van der Heiden. The English translation was published in
> 1682
> >>>>>>>>> (from
> >>>>>>>>> UK). In his translation he used first person and nowhere
> mentioned
> >>>>>>>>> or
> >>>>>>>>> referred to the name of the original author Frans van de
> Heiden.
> As
> >>>>>>>>> most of
> >>>>>>>>> the historians had access to the English translation only, they
> >>>>>>>>> took
> >>>>>>>>> it
> >>>>>>>>> for
> >>>>>>>>> granted that Glanius went to Assam. I tried to find out about
> >>>>>>>>> Glanius
> >>>>>>>>> and
> >>>>>>>>> published an article. Here you will get some back ground
> >>>>>>>>> information.
> >>>>>>>>> A
> >>>>>>>>> mistake did slip in to this version of the article. I misspelt
> the
> >>>>>>>>> name
> >>>>>>>>> of
> >>>>>>>>> Dr. Surya Kumar Bhuyan as Dr. Surya Kanta Bhuyan.
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> It is certain that the name Assam existed before Mirju Mala
> invaded
> >>>>>>>>> Assam
> >>>>>>>>> and before the English came to Assam. Otherwise Frans van der
> >>>>>>>>> Heiden
> >>>>>>>>> would
> >>>>>>>>> not be in a position to write about Assam and Assmers.
> Different
> >>>>>>>>> Mughal
> >>>>>>>>> historians used the names Assam, Asham, Ascham, Acham and ?s?m
> in
> >>>>>>>>> their
> >>>>>>>>> writings." Asom" with an "o" in between was unknown to them. In
> >>>>>>>>> particular,
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>>>>> the word Assam (Asham) is mentioned in the following
> >>> publications:
> >>>
> >>>> Abul
> >>>>>>>>> Fazal All?mi in his compilation of Akbarnama, a biographical
> >>>>>>>>> account
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>>>>> of
> >>>
> >>>> Akbar (1542 -1605) mentioned "Rajah of Asham".
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> The name Assam existed when Frans van der Heiden wrote his
> diary
> in
> >>>>>>>>> 1662.
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >> To write about the place and its inhabitants he used the
> name
> >>>>>>>>> of
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> the State
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> as it was known at that time to the local people. Otherwise he
> would
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> not
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> have used the name.
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> So we should start asking the question when was the name of
> Assam
> >>>>>>>>> changed
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >> to ? In any case it is after 1662.
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Wahid
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Van: <mailto:FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com>
> >>>>>>>>> FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com [mailto:<mailto:
> >>>>>>>>>
> FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com>FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com]
> > >>>>>>>> Namens
> >>>>>>>>> Rajen Barua
> >>>>>>>>> Verzonden: maandag 9 maart 2009 13:40
> > >>>>>>>> Aan: assamnet
> >>>>>>>>> CC: <mailto:FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com>
> >>>>>>>>> FriendsofAssamNE at yahoogroups.com
> >>>>>>>>> Onderwerp: [FriendsofAssamNE] RE: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Friends
> >>>>>>>>> Looks like many people still think that Assam is an englished
> word
> >>>>>>>>> of
> >>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>> word Oxom. In fact pronounciation Asam (now a days written as
> >>>>>>>>> Assam)
> >>>>>>>>> is
> >>>>>>>>> much
> >>>>>>>>> older than the Assamese word Oxom which is of later origin. One
> may
> >>>>>>>>> read my
> >>>>>>>>> article attached.
> >>>>>>>>> Rajen Barua
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Date: Sun, 8 Mar 2009 21:10:59 -0600
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> To: <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> From: <mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>cmahanta at charter.net
> >>>>>>>>>> Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> > whereas we know for sure the local people at that time as
> now
> >>>>>>>>>> >called the land "Oxom",
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> *** You do?
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> So much for the certitude of the omniscient!!
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> Did you know that the Ahom people, by and large, cannot
> pronounce
> >>>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>>> 'xo' sound and pronounce it as 'ho' or 'kho'?
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
>
> >>>>>>>>>>******************************************************************
> *********************************************
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> At 2:02 PM -0700 3/8/09, Dilip and Dil Deka wrote:
> >>>>>>>>>> >".......an invention of an European, and thus not credible?"
> -
> I
> >>>>>>>>>> am
> >>>>>>>>>> >not suggesting that at all. I am not Europhobic. :-)
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >Let's take the British days - the maps and the official
> records
> >>>>>>>>>> >meticulously prepared during that time called "Oxom" as
> "Assam"
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >whereas we know for sure the local people at that time
> as
> >>>>>>>>> now
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> called
> >>>>>
> >>>>> >the land "Oxom", the big difference being the sound of "x"
> versus
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> >"s". What credibility would you give to the authenticity of the
> >>>>>>>>>> name
> >>>>>>>>>> >"Assam" used by the British?
> >>>>>>>>>> >In the same token, why would I accept "Asam" as written by a
> >>>>>>>>>> Dutch
> >>>>>>>>>> >in 17th century as an authentic name? The Dutch, just like
> the
> >>>>>>>>>> >British cannot pronounce "Oxom".
> >>>>>>>>>> >If you accept "Asam" as in Dutch map as the original name,
> when
> >>>>>>>>>> did
> >>>>>>>>>> >it change to today's "Oxom" and who changed it?
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >I still say "Assam" is anglicized and "Asam" is Hollandized.
> Boy!
> >>>>>>>>>> >that sounds too much like Hollandaise sauce.
> >>>>>>>>>> >I am surprised there was no comment on the rest of my email.
> >>>>>>>>>> >Dilip
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >From: Chan Mahanta <<mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>>>>>>>> cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>>>>>>>> >To: A Mailing list for people interested in Assam from around
> the
> >>>>>>>>>> >world <<mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org>;
> <mailto:
> >>>>>>>>>> adhazarika at yahoo.com>adhazarika at yahoo.com
> >>>>>>>>>> >Sent: Sunday, March 8, 2009 4:25:08 PM
> >>>>>>>>>> >Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >
> >>>
> >>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >> But I wouldn't use these books nor a book written in
> another
> >>>>>>>>>> >>European language (Dutch) to prove that >Assam is an
> indigenous
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> word.
> >>>
> >>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >*** Why? Are you suggested the Dutch traveller who prepared
> the
> >>>>>>>>>> map
> >>>>>>>>>> where
> >>>>>>>>>> >Assam is recorded as "Asam" was likely an invention of an
> >>>>>>>>>> European,
> >>>>>>>>>> >and thus not credible?
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >At 12:50 PM -0700 3/8/09, Dilip and Dil Deka wrote:
> > >>>>>>>>> >>Kamal,
> >>>>>>>>>> >>In today's parlance, you are absolutely correct. The local
> > >>>>>>>>> people
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> > >>call the land "Oxom" and, themselves "Oxomiya". When those
> >>>>>>>>>> words
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>are written as "Assam" and "Assamese", it is an attempt to
> >>>>>>>>> anglicize
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>the locally used words.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Now whether Oxom was derived from another word that was
> local
> to
> >>>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>>> >>area and non-Sanskrit in its origin is another issue.
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >>As we all know the region (at least the western part)
> was
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> called
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>Kamrupa in ancient literature. For the name Kamrupa to change
> to
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>Oxom, it is almost impossible. There is no resemblance between
> the
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>two words. So the natural assumption would be that the
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >>transformation to Oxom did not happen with the so
> called
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> Hindu
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>settlers of Assam from the west. It is more likely it
> happened
> >>>>>>> with
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> > >the domination of Assam by the Ahoms, who for the first time
> in a
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>long time brought the people of the region under one rule
> >>>>>>>>>> through
> >>>>>>>>>> >>political acumen.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>I have in my possession books written/compiled by British
> >>>>>>>>>> officers
> >>>>>>>>>> >>where the word Assam is used. But I wouldn't use these books
> nor
> >>>>>>>>>> a
> >>>>>>>>>> >>book written in another European language (Dutch) to prove
> that
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Assam is an indigenous word. There needs to be more research
> >>>>>>>>>> done
> >>>>>>>>>> by
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Xahitya Xobha, digging into the Buranjis of the Ahoms and
> >>>>>>>>>> whatever
> >>>>>>>>>> >>remains of the Ahom language.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>I am told by my Ahom friends that many Buranjis were burnt
> >>>>>>>>>> during
> >>>>>>>>>> >>the waning years of Ahom rule. I am also told many Buranjis
> are
> >>>>>>>>>> >>still available in the Ahom villages kept as family
> heirloom.
> >>>>>>>>>> Does
> >>>>>>>>>> >>anyone know how to read and decipher these tomes?
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Isn't there a scholar in all of Assam who could trace
> through
> >>>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>>> >>transformation of Ahom language from 1228 to the British
> days
> >>>>>>>>>> >>to see if the name Oxom was coined by the Ahoms to describe
> >>>>>>>>>> their
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> kingdom?
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>> >>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> >>When I am on a roll, let me also ask how the Shans from Burma
> >>>>>>>>>> >>renamed themselves as Ahoms and when it happened.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>If all of this is known to some netter, please publish it,
> so
> >>>>>>>>>> that
> >>>>>>>>>> > >some of us not exposed to recent findings in Assam can
> learn
> >>>>>>>>>> and
> >>>>>>>>>> >>stop arguing over a name.
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>> >>Dilip Deka
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >>From: kamal deka <<mailto:kjit.deka at gmail.com>
> >>>>>>>>>> kjit.deka at gmail.com
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >>To: <mailto:adhazarika at yahoo.com>adhazarika at yahoo.com; A
> >>>>>>>>>> Mailing
> >>>>>>>>>> list
> >>>>>>>>>> for people interested in
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Assam from around the world <<mailto:assam at assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>>>>> assam at assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Sent: Sunday, March 8, 2009 10:23:39 AM
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Subject: Re: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>In my humble view,the very word " Assam" is an Anglicised
> one.As
> >>>>>>>>>> an
> >>>>>>>>>> >>adjective," Assamese " pertains to the characteristic of the
> >>>>>>>>>> people
> >>>>>>>>>> of
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Assam and their culture..As a noun,it means the native of
> Assam
> >>>>>>>>>> or
> >>>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>>> >>language of Assam.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>In view of the above fact.Assam Sahitya Sabha may not be in
> >>>>>>>>>> error.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>Kamal
> >>>>>>>>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>On Thu, Mar 5, 2009 at 9:47 PM, Ajoy Hazarika <<mailto:
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> adhazarika at yahoo.com>adhazarika at yahoo.com> wrote:
> > >>
> >>>> >>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Dear Oxom Xahityo Xobha:
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> > >>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>> I agree with Chandan Mahanta. If you do not know
> >>> anything about
> >>>
> >>>> it,
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> an article written by H. Borgohain. I could not find the
> >>>>>>>>>> article,
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> otherwise I could have forwarded to you.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Hi Chandan, Rajen, if you have that article please forward
> >>>>>>>>>> that
> >>>>>>>>>> to
> >>>>>>>>>> .
> >>>>>>>>>> Oxom
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Xahityo Xobha
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Oxom Xahityo Xobha. It will also help if Oxom Xahityo
> Xobha
> >>>>>>>>>> study
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> the Bodo language. There are other historical facts.
> Chandan
> >>>>>>>>>> and
> >>>>>>>>>> Rajen
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> can help.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> A. D. Hazarika
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> --- On Mon, 3/2/09, Chan Mahanta <<mailto:
> >>>>>>>>>> cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>>>>>>>> cmahanta at charter.net> wrote:
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> From: Chan Mahanta <<mailto:cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>>>>>>>> cmahanta at charter.net>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Subject: [Assam] About the Name Assam
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> To: <mailto:info at axomxahityaxobha.org>
> >>>>>>>>>> info at axomxahityaxobha.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Cc: <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Date: Monday, March 2, 2009, 9:05 PM
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Dear Oxom Xahityo Xobha:
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >In 1917 the Asom Sahitya Sabha was formed as a
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >guardian of the Assamese society and the forum for the
> >>>>>>>>>> >> > >development of Assamese language and literature.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >The word Assamese is an English one, built on the same
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> > >>> >principle as Cingalese, Canarese, etc. It is based on the
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>> >English word Assam by which the tract consisting of the
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>> >Brahmaputra valley is known.
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> *** It is pretty sad that you don't know the origins of
> the
> >>>>>>>>>> name
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >>> Assam, that you claim is an English name.
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> >>> It is such display of ignorance of our history and an
> absence
> of
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> intellectual curiosity to know what it truly is, that
> makes
> >>>>>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>>>>> likes
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> of Oxom Xahityo Xobha irrelevant to our cultural heritage
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> Sondon Mohonto
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> USA
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> assam mailing list
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> <http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>>>>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> assam mailing list
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>> <http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>>>>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>_______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>assam mailing list
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>> >><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> >><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet..org>
> >>>>>>>>>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet..org
> >>>>>>>>>> >>_______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >>assam mailing list
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>> >><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >
> >>>>>>>>>> >_______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >assam mailing list
> >>>>>>>>>> ><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> ><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> > >>>>>>>>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> > >>>>>>>>> >_______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>> >assam mailing list
> >>>>>>>>>> ><mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>> ><http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>
> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>
> >>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> _______________________________________________
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> assam mailing list
> >>>
> >>>> <mailto:assam at assamnet.org>assam at assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>> <http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org>
> >>>>>>>>>> http://assamnet.org/mailman/listinfo/assam_assamnet.org
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> --
> >>>>>>>>> Rajen Barua, Houston
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> __._,_.___
> >>>>>>>>> <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/message/1940;_ylc=X3oDMT
>
> M1Z3ZrZnNvBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRtc2
> dJZAMxOTQwBHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA3Z0cGMEc3RpbWUDMTIzNjg2MjI0MwR0cGNJZAMxOTQw
> >>>>>>>>> >Messages
> >>>>>>>>> in this topic (1) <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJxb3YzMG
>
> ZiBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRtc2dJZAMxOT
>
> QwBHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA3JwbHkEc3RpbWUDMTIzNjg2MjI0Mw--?act=reply&messageNum=1940
> >>>>>>>>> >Reply
> >>>>>>>>> (via web post) | <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJmdXFvaG
>
> 1oBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRyBH
> NsawNudHBjBHN0aW1lAzEyMzY4NjIyNDM-
> >>>>>>>>> >Start
> >>>>>>>>> a new topic
> >>>>>>>>> <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/messages;_ylc=X3oDMTJmZ2
>
> 1sdWcwBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZn
> RyBHNsawNtc2dzBHN0aW1lAzEyMzY4NjIyNDM-
> >>>>>>>>> >Messages
> >>>>>>>>> | <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/files;_ylc=X3oDMTJncnMyN
>
> 281BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRyB
> HNsawNmaWxlcwRzdGltZQMxMjM2ODYyMjQz
> >>>>>>>>> >Files
> >>>>>>>>> | <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/photos;_ylc=X3oDMTJmNmpz
>
> N3NyBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRy
> BHNsawNwaG90BHN0aW1lAzEyMzY4NjIyNDM-
> >>>>>>>>> >Photos
> >>>>>>>>> | <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/links;_ylc=X3oDMTJncjczM
>
> nJpBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRyB
> HNsawNsaW5rcwRzdGltZQMxMjM2ODYyMjQz
> >>>>>>>>> >Links
> >>>>>>>>> | <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/database;_ylc=X3oDMTJkZW
>
> VwZTdtBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZn
> RyBHNsawNkYgRzdGltZQMxMjM2ODYyMjQz
> >>>>>>>>> >Database
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>> >> | <
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
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> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/polls;_ylc=X3oDMTJnOTYyO
>
> Gg3BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRyB
> HNsawNwb2xscwRzdGltZQMxMjM2ODYyMjQz
> >>>>>>>>> >Polls
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> >>>>>>>>>
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> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/members;_ylc=X3oDMTJmNnE
>
> 4MjJ2BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnR
> yBHNsawNtYnJzBHN0aW1lAzEyMzY4NjIyNDM-
> >>>>>>>>> >Members
> >>>>>>>>> | <
> >>>>>>>>>
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> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/AssamSociety/calendar;_ylc=X3oDMTJlNG
>
> lua283BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZn
> RyBHNsawNjYWwEc3RpbWUDMTIzNjg2MjI0Mw--
> >>>>>>>>> >Calendar
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> ://explore.yahoo.com/groups/kraftm
> >>>>>>>>>
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>
> ElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRyBHNsawNnZnAEc3RpbWUDMTIzN
> jg2MjI0Mw--
> >>>>>>>>> >
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> >>>>>>>>>
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> A3BF9TAzk3NDc2NTkwBGdycElkAzEyNjA5NDk4BGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNTA5ODEwNwRzZWMDZnRyBH
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> >>>>>>>>>
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> >>>>>>>>>AssamSociety-traditional at yahoogroups.com?subject=Change<http://AssamSociety-traditional@yahoogroups.com/?subject=Change>
> <http://Assa <http://assa/>
> mSociety-traditional at yahoogroups.com/?subject=Change>
> >>>>>>>>> <http://AssamSociety-traditional<http://assamsociety-traditional/>
> <http://assamsociety-traditional/>
> >>>>>>>>> @yahoogroups.com/?subject=Change>
> >>>>>>>>>
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> End of assam Digest, Vol 44, Issue 17
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